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Course Outline
Introduction
- Brief history of GNU/Linux
- Licensing models
- Kernel versioning
- Release cycles
- Kernel trees
- Mainline development
- Kernel vs. user space
- Mechanism vs. policy
- Kernel driver alternatives
- RTOS vs. Linux
Memory Management
- Virtual memory vs. physical memory
- Memory allocation within the kernel
- Pages
- Memory zones
- API
- Slab allocator
Kernel Patch Management
- Lifecycle of a patch
- Git workflows
- Kernel source code structure
- Creating patches
- Checkpatch tools
- Fixing patches
- Submitting and shipping patches
- Audited code standards
Kernel Modules
- Obtaining kernel sources
- Configuring, building, and installing modules
- Device drivers (statically linked, loaded at runtime)
- Init and exit functions
- Licensing considerations
- EXPORT_SYMBOL GPL
- Out-of-tree Makefiles
- Module-init-tools
- Integrating modules into the kernel tree
- Kconfig configuration
- Passing parameters to modules
- Sparse static analysis
Character Drivers
- Architecture overview
- User/kernel interface
- I/O subsystem
- Virtual File System (VFS)
- sysfs (devices, bus, drivers, classes)
- kobject, ktype, and kset
- Linux kernel driver model
- Device files
-
Character driver implementation
- Initialization
- Registration processes
- Open and release operations
- cdev, cdev_add, cdev_del, etc.
- Major and minor numbers
- udev, udevmonitor, and udevadm tools
Advanced Character Driver Operations
- ioctl mechanisms
- Unlocked ioctl
- Compat ioctl for compatibility
- User space API
- Kernel space API
- Process lifecycle management
- Sleeping and blocking techniques
- Waking up processes
- Wait queues
- The thundering herd problem
- Poll and select operations
Kernel Debugging
- General debugging strategies
-
Debugging the kernel
- Binary search with git
- Debug support provided by the kernel
- printk, syslogd, klogd, loglevels, rate limiting, debug levels, and selective subsystem debugging
- Debugging via debugfs queries
- Oops debugging and forcing oopses
- Magic SysRq Key usage
- kgdb and kdb debuggers
- JTAG debugging
Tracing
- gcov coverage tools
- lcov report generation
- oprofile profiling
-
ftrace
- nop tracer
- Function tracer
- Scheduler switch tracer
- Function graph tracer
- Dynamic tracer
- trace-cmd and kernelshark
- Perf profiling
- LTTng tracing framework
Interrupts
- Interrupts vs. polling
- Interrupt handling basics
- Program execution sections
- Reentrancy considerations
- Events management
- Interrupt handler implementation
- Shared interrupt handlers
- Interrupt flow control
- Interrupt control mechanisms
Deferring Work
- Top halves and bottom halves
- Softirqs
- Tasklets
- Work queues
- Threaded interrupts
Concurrency
- Critical regions and sections
- Atomic operations
- Race conditions
- Synchronization techniques
- Locking strategies
- Locking solutions
- Deadlock prevention
- Contention management
- Deciding what to lock
-
Available synchronization primitives
- Atomic operations
- Spinlocks
- Reader-writer spinlocks
- Semaphores
- Binary semaphores
- Mutexes
- Reader-writer semaphores
- Completion variables
- Sequential locks
- Disabling preemption
- Ordering and memory barriers
Time Management
- HZ definition
- Jiffies timing
- Handling large and small delays
- Kernel timers
Hardware I/O
- I/O Ports
- I/O Memory
- Handling side effects when accessing registers
User-Kernel Communication
- put_user() and get_user()
- copy_to_user() and copy_from_user()
- Kernel I/O methods
- Memory mapping
- procfs interface
- sysfs interface
- debugfs interface
- relayfs interface
- Netlink sockets
- ioctl mechanisms
Portability
- Word size considerations
- Opaque types
- Signed vs. unsigned char
- Data alignment
- Integral promotion rules
- Code reuse strategies
- Endianness handling
- System tick variations
- Page size differences
- Instruction ordering
- SMP, preemption, and high memory management
Except where otherwise noted, content and this course outline are licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
Requirements
- Basic familiarity with using a GNU/Linux system as an end user
- Basic familiarity with a command line shell
- Basic knowledge of user space / application development
- Intermediate C programming knowledge
- Should have attended Embedded GNU/Linux Systems Architecture previously (strongly recommended!) and/or have a good understanding of the topics outlined there
35 Hours
Testimonials (3)
Everything is ok.
Adrian Rybka - SEOyon
Course - Flutter Development Bootcamp with Dart
Very usefull additional informations
Grzegorz - Comp S.A.
Course - BLoC Pattern
His knowledge and patience.
