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Course Outline
Virtualization Fundamentals
- Operating System Basics: CPU, Memory, Network, and Storage
- Hypervisors
- Concept of a "supervisor of supervisors"
- The relationship between the "host" machine and the "guest" OS
- Distinction between Type-1 and Type-2 Hypervisors
- Examples: Citrix XEN, VMware ESX/ESXi, MS Hyper-V, IBM LPAR
- Network Virtualization
- Overview of the 7-Layer OSI Model
- Focused view of the Network layer
- The TCP/IP Model or Internet Protocol
- Deep Dive into Specific Layers
- Application Layer: SSL
- Transport Layer: TCP
- Internet Layer: IPv4/IPv6
- Data Link Layer: Ethernet
- Packet Structure and Networking Components
- Addressing: IP Addresses and Domain Names
- Key Components: Firewalls, Load Balancers, Routers, and Network Adapters
- Virtualized Networks
- Higher-level Abstractions: Subnets and Availability Zones
- Practical Exercise:
- Get comfortable with the ESXi cluster and the vSphere client.
- Configure networks within the ESXi Cluster, deploy guest VMs from VMDK images, and establish connectivity between guests in the cluster.
- Modify a running VM instance and create a snapshot.
- Adjust firewall rules in ESXi using the vSphere client.
2. Cloud Computing: A Paradigm Shift
- A fast, cost-effective pathway to bring products and solutions to the global market.
- Resource Sharing
- Virtualization of virtualized environments
- Core Benefits:
- On-Demand Resource Elasticity
- Accelerate Ideation -> Coding -> Deployment without needing physical infrastructure
- Enable rapid CI/CD pipelines
- Environment Isolation and Vertical Autonomy
- Security through Layered Defense
- Cost Optimization
- On-Demand Resource Elasticity
- On-Premise Cloud vs. Cloud Providers
- Cloud Computing as an Effective Abstraction for Distributed Systems
3. Introduction to Cloud Solution Layers:
- IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
- Providers: AWS, Azure, Google
- Select one provider to continue with later. AWS is recommended.
- Introduction to AWS VPC, AWS EC2, etc.
- PaaS (Platform as a Service)
- Providers: AWS, Azure, Google, CloudFoundry, Heroku
- Introduction to AWS DynamoDB, AWS Kinesis, etc.
- SaaS (Software as a Service)
- High-level overview
- Examples: Microsoft Office, Confluence, SalesForce, Slack
- Progression: SaaS relies on PaaS, which relies on IaaS, which relies on Virtualization
4. IaaS Cloud Hands-on Project
- This project utilizes AWS as the IaaS Cloud Provider.
- Use CentOS/RHEL as the operating system for the remainder of the exercise.
- Ubuntu is acceptable, but RHEL/CentOS are preferred.
- Obtain individual AWS IAM accounts from your cloud administrator.
- Each student must complete these steps independently.
- The ability to provision your own infrastructure on-demand demonstrates the true power of cloud computing.
- Use AWS Wizards and the online console to complete these tasks unless specified otherwise.
- Create a Public VPC in the us-east-1 Region.
- Create two Subnets (Subnet-1 and Subnet-2) in different Availability Zones.
- Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonVPC/latest/UserGuide/VPC_Scenarios.html
- Create three separate Security Groups.
- SG-Internet:
- Allows incoming traffic from the Internet on HTTPS (443) and HTTP (80).
- No other incoming connections permitted.
- SG-Service:
- Allows incoming traffic only from SG-Internet on HTTPS (443) and HTTP (80).
- Allows ICMP traffic only from SG-Internet.
- No other incoming connections permitted.
- SG-SSH:
- Allows SSH (port 22) incoming connections only from a single IP address matching the public IP of the student’s lab machine (or the proxy’s public IP if the lab machine is behind a proxy).
- SG-Internet:
- Create two Subnets (Subnet-1 and Subnet-2) in different Availability Zones.
- Deploy an instance using an AMI for your chosen OS (preferably the latest RHEL/CentOS versions in AMIs) and host it on Subnet-1. Attach the instance to the SG-Service and SG-SSH security groups.
- Access the instance via SSH from your lab machine.
- Install the NGINX server on this instance.
- Place static content of your choice (HTML pages, images) to be served by NGINX (on port 80 via HTTP) and define URLs for them.
- Test the URL directly from that machine.
- Create an AMI image from this running instance.
- Deploy the new AMI and host the instance on Subnet-2. Attach the instance to the SG-Service and SG-SSH security groups.
- Start the NGINX server and verify that the access URL for the static content created in the previous step works correctly.
- Create a new "classic" Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) and attach it to SG-Internet.
- Note the differences between Classic, Application, and Network Load Balancers.
- Create a routing rule to forward all HTTP (80) and HTTPS (443) traffic to an instance group comprising the two instances created above.
- Using any certificate management tool (e.g., Java Keytool), create a key-pair and a self-signed certificate, then import the certificate into AWS Certificate Manager (ACM).
5. Cloud Monitoring: Introduction and Hands-on Project
- AWS CloudWatch Metrics
- Navigate to the AWS CloudWatch dashboard for the instances.
- Retrieve relevant metrics and explain their variability over time.
- Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/viewing_metrics_with_cloudwatch.html
- Retrieve relevant metrics and explain their variability over time.
- Navigate to the AWS CloudWatch dashboard for the ELB.
- Observe ELB metrics and explain their variability over time.
- Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/classic/elb-cloudwatch-metrics.html
6. Advanced Concepts for Further Learning
- Hybrid Cloud: Combining on-premise and public cloud environments.
- Migration: Moving from On-Premise to Public Cloud.
- Application code migration
- Database migration
- DevOps
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
- AWS CloudFormation Templates
- Auto-scaling
- Using AWS CloudWatch metrics to determine system health
Requirements
No specific prerequisites are required to enroll in this course.
Target Audience
Software Engineers and Computer Scientists who possess a solid understanding of algorithms and proficiency in at least one programming or scripting language, but have no prior experience with Cloud Computing.
21 Hours
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